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# Person ID Last Name First Name Birth Date Death Date Living note Tree
12051 I13762               
12052 I13736  Drollinger  Robert Brownfield  2 Jan 1928  7 Jul 1978  Robert may have been adopted by Lowell because Robert is listed as Lowell's stepson in the 1940 Census.

U.S., World War II Draft Cards Young Men, 1940-1947
Name: Robert Brownfield Drollinger
Race: White
Age: 18
Birth Date: 2 Jan 1928
Birth Place: Champaign, Ill
Residence Place: Cleveland, Hampden, Ohio
Registration Date: 23 May 1946
Registration Place: Cheviot, Ohio
Employer: Discharged May 20th, 1946
Weight: 170
Complexion: Dark
Eye Color: Brown
Hair Color: Black
Height: 6-1
Next of Kin: Violet Drollinger
Household Members:
Name Relationship
Robert Brownfield Drollinger 
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12053 I13736  Drollinger  Robert Brownfield  2 Jan 1928  7 Jul 1978  Ohio, Deaths
Name: Robert B Drollinger
Birth Date: 1928
Gender: Male
Race: White
Residence County: Hamilton
Residence State: Ohio
Residence Country: United States
Death Date: 7 Jul 1978
Hospital of Death: Franciscan Hosp Mt Airy Campus
City of Death: Cincinnati
County of Death: Hamilton
Certificate: 050448
Age at Death: 50
Certifier: Physician
Marital Status: Married 
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12054 I13736  Drollinger  Robert Brownfield  2 Jan 1928  7 Jul 1978  Burial: Maple Grove Cemetery
Cleves, Hamilton County, Ohio, USA 
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12055 I13596               
12056 I14452               
12057 I14452               
12058 I12988               
12059 I13689  Drollinger  Robert Edward   11 Jun 1935  6 Jan 2024  Goes by Bob.

I believe Bob and Barbara are Catholic.

Barbara does a lot of volunteer work.

The River Reporter - Online
Vol. XXX No. 52
Narrowsburg, NY
December 17 - 22, 2004

NARROWSBURG, NY - Though it was a bitter-cold morning outside, warm, helping hands were busy inside St. Francis Xavier Parish on December 20, just before 25 local families received complete Christmas dinners.

Volunteers of the Narrowsburg Ecumenical Food Pantry gathered one last time inside the church, checking each of 25 decorated boxes stuffed with holiday groceries for families living within a 15-mile radius of Narrowsburg.

Barbara Drollinger of St. Francis started the pantry almost four years ago by gathering volunteers from her church, St. Paul?s Lutheran Church and Narrowsburg United Methodist Church.

[A group photo contained the following caption]

Volunteers of the Narrowsburg Ecumenical Food Pantry gather December 20 one hour before 25 families living in the nearby community each received a box full of Christmas dinner items, a frozen turkey and a gallon of apple cider. Volunteers shown are Betty Hawker, left, Peg Teetsel, Bob Drollinger, Barbara Drollinger, Claire DiSanto, Barbara Krasselt, Etta Pierce, Beth Peck and Fred Krasselt. Volunteers not pictured include Karen Bliss, Edith Heinemeier, Jo King and Jim Halloran.

1940 United States Federal Census
Name: George Drollinger
Respondent: Yes
Age: 77
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1863
Gender: Male
Race: White
Birthplace: Brooklyn
Marital Status: Married
Relation to Head of House: Head
Home in 1940: Hempstead, Nassau, New York
Map of Home in 1940: View map
Street: 244th Street
House Number: 9239
Inferred Residence in 1935: Hempstead, Nassau, New York
Residence in 1935: Same House
Sheet Number: 8B
Number of Household in Order of Visitation: 227
Occupation: Public Utilities Inspector
House Owned or Rented: Owned
Value of Home or Monthly Rental if Rented: 4000
Attended School or College: No
Highest Grade Completed: Elementary school, 8th grade
Hours Worked Week Prior to Census: 40
Weeks Worked in 1939: 52
Income: 2600
Income Other Sources: No
Neighbors: View others on page
Household Members:
Name Age
George Drollinger 77
(Wife) Grace Drollinger 23 Cochecton Center, NY
(Son) George Drollinger 11 Bellrose, NY
(Son) Robert Drollinger 4 Bellrose, NY 
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12060 I13689  Drollinger  Robert Edward   11 Jun 1935  6 Jan 2024  Robert "Bob" Drollinger, a telephone lineman/splicer for NY Telephone Co. for 37 years, an Army Reservist and life-long resident of Cochecton Center, NY, died on January 6, 2024 at the age of 88 while at home surrounded by loved ones who will continue to honor and live out his legacy.

Bob is survived by his beloved wife of 61 years, Barbara Drollinger; his children Donna (Jerry) Eskind, Debbie (Tim) Diehl, Doreen Drollinger (Eric Luben); grandchildren Carli (Brandon) Cardona, John Eskind, Caitlin (Sam) Fox, Carie Eldred (Brendan McMahon) and great-granddaughter, Emerson Cardona; sister Carol Yewchuck, along with sister-in-laws: Laura Drollinger, Virginia Ferranti, Dolores Nelson, and several nieces and nephews.

Bob was born in Bellerose, NY on June 11, 1935 to George and Johanna Drollinger.

When Bob's mom passed, he was lovingly raised by Grace Drollinger.

On September 29, 1962 he married the love of his life, and from there his "story began" - the most important part of his life. Bob loved his family more than anything. He had a great sense of humor and a great work ethic. He enjoyed sailing, snowmobiling, fishing, camping, square dancing, hunting, bowling and his yearly family trip to Toddy Pond, Maine.

Bob was a spiritual man and a member of St. Francis Xavier Church in Narrowsburg, NY, and served on the church council. He volunteered alongside his wife at the Ecumenical Food Pantry and St. Francis Outreach Program in Narrowsburg. He will be deeply missed by his wife, family, friends, and all who knew him.

Family and friends visitation hours are scheduled for Wednesday, January 10, 2024 from 4pm-7pm at Harrison Rasmussen Funeral Home, 3412 SR 97, Barryville, NY. A Catholic Mass is scheduled for Saturday, January 13, 2024, at 11 am at St. Francis Xavier Church in Narrowsburg, NY followed by a Christian Burial at Laurel Cemetery in Cochecton Center, NY.

In lieu of flowers, donations may be sent to Sullivan/Orange County Hospice at 800 Stony Brook Ct, Newburgh, NY 12550; St. Francis Xavier Outreach Program, P.O. Box 8, Narrowsburg, NY 12764; Ecumenical Food Pantry in Narrowsburg, 151 Bridge Street, Narrowsburg, NY 12764; or St. Francis Xavier RC Church, 151 Bridge Street, Narrowsburg, NY 12764. Arrangements by the Harrison Rasmussen Funeral Home, Barryville, NY 845-557-8010. 
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12061 I13604               
12062 I13604               
12063 I10793  Drollinger  Robert Eugene  9 Oct 1922  13 Apr 1963  According to son, William, "Bill", his father only had one child.

U.S., World War II Draft Cards Young Men, 1940-1947
Name: Robert Eugene Drollinger
Race: White
Age: 19
Birth Date: 9 Oct 1922
Birth Place: Marion, Ohio
Residence Place: Marion, Marion, Ohio
Registration Date: 30 Jun 1942
Registration Place: Akron, Ohio
Employer: Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co
Weight: 185
Complexion: Ruddy
Eye Color: Gray
Hair Color: Brown
Height: 6ft
Next of Kin: Carl Eugene Drollinger
Household Members:
Name Relationship
Robert Eugene Drollinger 
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12064 I10793  Drollinger  Robert Eugene  9 Oct 1922  13 Apr 1963  Ohio, Death Records
Name: Robert E Drollinger
Birth Date: 1923
Gender: Male
Race: White
Death Date: 13 Apr 1963
Hospital of Death: Home
Death Place: Hamilton, Ohio, USA
Certificate: 30818
Age at Death: 40
Certifier: Physician
Autopsy: Yes, used for certification
Marital Status: Married

According to his son, William, Robert died in 1964 while on vacation in Ohio.
According to his brother, Richard, he died of a heart attack while playing golf. 
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12065 I10793  Drollinger  Robert Eugene  9 Oct 1922  13 Apr 1963  Findagrave.com
Robert Drollinger
Birth: unknown
Death: 1963
Note: More information is available via the Spring Grove website athttp://www.springgrove.org/sg/genealogy/stats/151472.tif.pdf
Burial:
Spring Grove Cemetery
Cincinnati
Hamilton County
Ohio, USA
Plot: Garden LN, Section 127, Lot 0, Space 1886
Maintained by: Patricia (Patti) Joy Ber...
Originally Created by: Auto Graver
Record added: Oct 21, 2011
Find A Grave Memorial# 78920570
(Internet extraction and some transcription provided by David H.Drollinger 17 Feb 2013)
 
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12066 I10793  Drollinger  Robert Eugene  9 Oct 1922  13 Apr 1963  Ohio, U.S., Birth Index
Name: Drollinger
Birth Date: 9 Oct 1922
Birth Place: Marion, Ohio, USA
Certificate Number: 1929027419 
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12067 I13778  Drollinger  Robert Eugene  25 Aug 1930  16 May 2020  Ohio, Birth Index
Name: Robert E Drollinger
Birth Date: 25 Aug 1930
State File Number: 1930073669
Additional Information: Edward 
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12068 I13778  Drollinger  Robert Eugene  25 Aug 1930  16 May 2020  Robert Eugene Drollinger, age 89 of Marion, passed away on Saturday, May 16, 2020 at the Marion General Hospital.

Robert was born on August 25, 1930 to the late Ed and Fern Gail (Clark) Drollinger in Marion County, Ohio. His stepfather, Lee Paddock, was a big part of his life growing up. On June 23, 1956, Robert married the late Joyce J. Messenger.

Their children who will cherish their memories include daughters: Rebecca L. "Becky" Richardson of Marion, OH, and Sara D. (Robert) Dailey of Marion, OH; sons: Robert G. (Jan) Drollinger of Lewis Center, OH and Jeffrey S. (Rhonda) Drollinger of Lakeview, OH; ten grandchildren, numerous great grandchildren, nieces & nephews.

On October 23, 1976, he married Peggy L. Roseberry who died in 2016. Peggy came into the marriage with two children, Daniel Haley and Melissa Haley Jordan. Robert and Peggy celebrated 40 years of marriage shortly before her death.

He served our country in the United States Army during the Korean Conflict. When Robert returned home from Korea, he enjoyed and was very successful at car sales and as a Used Car Sales Manager here in Marion. He also worked with his sons at Drollinger's Auto World. Robert loved vacationing in Daytona Beach Florida with his family. He and Peggy enjoyed traveling around Ohio attending fairs, festivals and steam engine shows where they made and sold homemade ice cream. After retiring from the ice cream business, Robert and Peggy headed to Sebring, Florida to enjoy their retirement years where he also continued to pursue his love of the car sales business. Robert loved fishing, flea marketing, being a card shark and his Labrador Retriever Jake. He enjoyed Nascar racing, basketball and college football. Robert was baptized in 2016 and attended Worthington Christian Church. He will truly be missed by family and friends.

Robert was preceded in death by his parents; his wives, son-in-law Robert "Rob" Richardson, step-son Daniel Haley, his brother: William Drollinger and his sisters: Betty Nash and Mary O'Hara.

Friends and family may come to honor Robert's life on Thursday, May 21, 2020 from 10am to 11am at the Boyd-Born Funeral Home. A funeral service will be held on Thursday, May 21, 2020 at 11am at the funeral home with Dr. Jay Scott officiating. For the health and safety of the staff and the families we serve, we can only have 25 people at a time in the funeral home during the visitation and funeral times. Burial will follow funeral service at the Marion Cemetery. Donations may be given in Robert's memory to the Worthington Christian Church, 8145 North High Street, Columbus, Ohio 43235. The Boyd-Born Funeral Home is honored to be serving the Drollinger family. 
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12069 I13783               
12070 I2192               
12071 I8512               
12072 I15109               
12073 I3850  Drollinger  Robert John  14 Aug 1918  25 Sep 2005  DROLLINGER, ROBERT J CPL US ARMY AIR FORCES WORLD WAR II DATE OF BIRTH: 08/14/1918 DATE OF DEATH: 09/25/2005 BURIED AT: HOLY CROSS CEMETERY 1444 SOUTH 11TH STREET SHEBOYGAN, WI 53081 (920) 457-9408

U.S. World War II Army Enlistment Records
Name: Robert J Drollinger
Birth Year: 1918
Race: White, citizen
Nativity State or Country: Wisconsin
State: Wisconsin
County or City: Sheboygan
Enlistment Date: 21 Sep 1942
Enlistment State: Wisconsin
Enlistment City: Milwaukee
Branch: Branch Immaterial - Warrant Officers, USA
Branch Code: Branch Immaterial - Warrant Officers, USA
Grade: Private
Grade Code: Private
Term of Enlistment: Enlistment for the duration of the War or other emergency, plus six months, subject to the discretion of the President or otherwise according to law
Component: Selectees (Enlisted Men)
Source: Civil Life
Education: 4 years of high school
Marital Status: Single, with dependents
Height: 67
Weight: 156

U.S., World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942
Name: John William Drollinger
Gender: Male
Race: White
Birth Date: 21 Sep 1889
Birth Place: Auburndale, Wisconsin, USA
Residence Place: Sheboygan, Wisconsin, USA
Military Draft Date: 1942
Relationship to Draftee: Head

Name: Robert J Drollinger Gender: Male Birth Date: 14 Aug 1918 Death Date: 25 Sep 2005 SSN: 399074623 Branch 1: ARMY Enlistment Date 1: 5 Oct 1942 Release Date 1: 19 Feb 1946 
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12074 I3850  Drollinger  Robert John  14 Aug 1918  25 Sep 2005  Novak-Ramm-Ziegler Funeral Home
Sheboygan, WI 53081
Robert J. Drollinger, age 87, of 3721 Sheridan Ave. died on Sunday, September 25, 2005 at his home.
Robert was born on August 14, 1918 in Sheboygan, a son of the late John and Christine (Born) Drollinger. He attended St. Peter Claver Catholic School and graduated from Sheboygan High School in 1937. He was employed at a variety of retail stores prior to his entering the Army Air Corps. He served stateside during World War II and following his discharge was a bus driver for the city for two years. Following that he operated three different service stations on Broadway Ave., retiring in 1976. On January 18, 1947 he was united in marriage to Mary Ellen Friedrich at St. Clement Catholic Church.
Bob was an avid fisherman, having fished the south pier as a young man and in his retirement years. He was a loving and concerned husband and father who loved, dogs, cats, music and dancing. He had many friends who enjoyed his sense of humor and the stories he loved to tell.
Bob was a lifelong member of St. Peter Claver Catholic Church where his involvement with the Liturgical Ministries which for 18 years placed him in charge of training and scheduling the Mass servers. He also organized the adult servers program. He was the first president of the CCD program and a former president of the St. Peter Claver School and Family.
Bob is survived by his wife, Mary Ellen, a son, Thomas of Sheboygan; a niece, Susan Lemasters of Sheboygan and two nephews, John Hayward of Verona, WI and Phil Hayward of Minong, WI., and a good friend Bob Harder of Sheboygan. He was preceded in death by a sister, Ruth Hayward.
A Mass of Christian Burial will be celebrated 10:30 a.m., Thursday, September 29 at St. Peter Claver Catholic Church, 1444 S. 11th St. with Rev. Tom Lijewski as celebrant and Deacon Michael Burch, Parish Director, assisting. Burial will follow in Holy Cross Cemetery. Family and friends may call on Wednesday evening from 4 p.m. until 7 p.m. and on Thursday morning from 9:30 a.m. until time of family rites at 10:00a.m. at the Novak-Ramm-Ziegler Funeral Home, 1535 S. 12th St. with procession to follow to church for the Mass at 10:30 a.m.. A vigil service will be held 7 p.m. Wednesday evening at the funeral home.
A memorial fund has been established in Robert's name.
Robert's family would like to especially and sincerely thank the staff of St. Nicholas Home Health and Hospice, especially Kristen. Your care and compassion will be remembered.

Social Security Death Index
Name: Robert J. Drollinger
SSN: 399-07-4623
Last Residence: 53081 Sheboygan, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
Born: 14 Aug 1918
Died: 25 Sep 2005
State (Year) SSN issued: Wisconsin (Before 1951 ) 
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12075 I3850  Drollinger  Robert John  14 Aug 1918  25 Sep 2005  Burial: Holy Cross Cemetery
Wilson, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, USA

Inscription: Robert J Drollinger CPL US Army Air Forces World War II Aug 14 1918 Sep 25 2005 
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12076 I12960               
12077 I11621  Drollinger  Robert Laverne "Bob" "Bobby"  3 Mar 1936  24 Jan 2000  Robert Drollinger
Priest River, Idaho
Memorial service for Robert Laverne "Bob" Drollinger, 63, was at an earlier date. English Funeral Chapel in Coeur d'Alene was in charge of cremation.
Mr. Drollinger, an area business owner, died Jan. 24. He was born in Spokane and grew up in Long Beach, Calif. He served wit the Navy in the mid-1950s. He later worked at various jobs while going to college to get his bachelor's degree. Mr. Drollinger worked for a title company in Southern California and in 1977 moved to Priest River where he was co-owner of King's Bar.
Survivors include his partner of 38 years, Ray Argonis; two sisters, Barbara Drollinger of Everett and Susan Fosher of Bullhead City, Ariz. (end)

Social Security Death Index
Name: Robert L. Drollinger
SSN: 545-44-9040
Last Residence: 83856 Priest River, Bonner, Idaho, United States of America
Born: 3 Mar 1936
Died: 24 Jan 2000
State (Year) SSN issued: California (Before 1951) 
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12078 I15474  Drollinger  Robert Le Roy "Bob" "Bobby"  29 Mar 1940  28 Aug 1952  Died 27 Aug 1952 at St. Elizabeth Hospital, Danville, Vermillion Cty, IL per his sister, Patricia Sue, on 24 Feb 2011.  tree1 
12079 I15474  Drollinger  Robert Le Roy "Bob" "Bobby"  29 Mar 1940  28 Aug 1952  Burial: Potomac Cemetery
Potomac, Vermilion County, Illinois, USA

Inscription: "Bobby" Robert L. Mar. 29, 1940 Aug. 28, 1952 
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12080 I11780               
12081 I12315  Drollinger  Robert Leo "Bob"  6 Dec 1929  10 Feb 2011  3014 Clippership Dr
Stafford, VA 22554-2612
(540) 720-1734

He was a WWII pilot, Korean War fighter pilot, commercial airline pilot and commercial pilot for NASA. He taught all five of his children to fly! 
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12082 I12315  Drollinger  Robert Leo "Bob"  6 Dec 1929  10 Feb 2011  Virginia, U.S., Death Records
Name: Robert Leo Drollinger
Death Date: 10 Feb 2011
Death Place: Stafford, Virginia, USA

Mullins & Thompson Funeral Service
186 Shelton Shop Road, Stafford, VA 22554 540-659-7690
In Memory of
Robert Leo Drollinger
December 6, 1929 - February 10, 2011 
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12083 I12315  Drollinger  Robert Leo "Bob"  6 Dec 1929  10 Feb 2011  Burial: Quantico National Cemetery
Plot: Section 28 Site 157
Quantico, Prince William County, Virginia, USA

Inscription: Robert Leo Drollinger A1C US Air Force Korea Dec 6 1929 Feb 10 2011 God Is My Copilot 
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12084 I8733  Drollinger  Robert Lewin  22 Jun 1923  10 Feb 2008  401 S. Burnside Ave #1L, Los Angeles, CA 90036 (213-930-1800)

U.S., School Yearbooks
Name: Robert Drollinger
Estimated Age: 20
Birth Year: abt 1927
Yearbook Date: 1947
School: University of Southern California
School Location: Los Angeles, California
Yearbook Title: El Rodeo

California, Voter Registrations
Name: Robert L Drollinger
Residence Year: 1954
Street address: 231 S Orange dr
Residence Place: Los Angeles, California, USA
Party Affiliation: Republican

Historical Newspapers, Birth, Marriage, & Death Announcements, 1851-2003
Newspaper: Los Angeles Times (1886-Current File)
Event: Marriage
Publication: 3 Jun 1949 - Los Angeles, California
ENGAGEMENTS
DROLLINGER-COMER
Joyce Estelle Comer, daughter of Dr. Grace E. Comer of Laguna Beach, to Robert Lewinn Drollinger, son of Mrs. Ella Drollinger. Miss Comer, a Delta Deltal Delta, is a student at SC. Her fiance attended SC and is a Sigma Chi.

USA v DROLLINGER
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 94-56754
Petitioner-Appellee, D.C. No.
v. CV-94-00620-R
ROBERT L. DROLLINGER, OPINION
Respondent-Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California Manuel L. Real, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted September 12, 1995--Pasadena, California

Filed April 5, 1996

Before: James R. Browning and Harry Pregerson, Circuit Judges, and Jack E. Tanner, , District Judge.

Per Curiam

COUNSEL
James T. Duff, Duff & Smith, Los Angeles, California, for the respondent-appellant.

Gary R. Allen and Patricia Bowman, Tax Division, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for the petitioner-appellee.

OPINION
PER CURIAM:

Robert Drollinger appeals a district court order remanding him to custody for civil contempt for failing to comply with two Internal Revenue Summonses. 1 We vacate the order and remand for further proceedings.

I.
To determine Drollinger's federal tax liability for the years 1977 through 1992, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issued and served two summonses directing Drollinger to appear for examination and produce certain documents. Drollinger did not appear. The district court ordered him to show cause why he should not be compelled to obey the summonses. Drollinger failed to appear at a hearing on the order to show cause. The district court issued an order enforcing the summonses.

Drollinger appeared pursuant to the enforcement order, but did not testify or produce documents. Instead, Drollinger delivered an "opening statement," questioning the agents'

authority and his liability and referring generally to the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination. 2 He later denied being a taxpayer, but told the agents he would "confess everything" if the court's order "superseded" the Fifth Amendment and asked the agents if it did. The parties then engaged in a general discussion as to whether producing documents would constitute compelled self-incrimination. Drollinger asked the agents to produce a "delegation of authority." No resolution was reached, and the meeting ended. At no time during the meeting did the IRS agents ask Drollinger specific questions relating to his tax liability.

The district court ordered Drollinger to show cause why he should not be held in contempt and sanctioned for failing to comply with the enforcement order. Drollinger did not appear at the hearing on the order to show cause. The district court held him in contempt and ordered him arrested and incarcerated.

The district court held several hearings regarding Drollinger's failure to purge himself from contempt. At the first purgation hearing, Drollinger's counsel expressed concern that the district court believed Drollinger had waived his Fifth Amendment privilege. Counsel informed the court that Drollinger might wish to raise the privilege with respect to specific questions when such questions were asked. The court responded that no specific questions were before the court and the court could not "rule in advance" whether it would sustain a claim of privilege. The court suggested the issue be resolved when specific questions were posed to Drollinger with counsel present.

Drollinger then met with IRS officers and was asked specific questions. Drollinger answered some of the questions but invoked the Fifth Amendment on a question-by-question basis as to others. Drollinger also produced some, but not all, of the documents requested in the summonses. He did not invoke the Fifth Amendment privilege as to any documents.

The district court released Drollinger on a bond, but ordered him to appear again before the IRS to give additional testimony and produce additional documents. Drollinger appeared with counsel. He declined to answer most questions on self-incrimination grounds; he produced no additional documents, saying he "couldn't find any."

Drollinger petitioned the court for an order purging him from contempt. In his supporting memorandum, Drollinger said he had no additional documents and that an in camera hearing should be held regarding his claim of selfincrimination. The district court asked Drollinger's counsel if Drollinger was going to "insist on maintaining himself in terms of the Fifth Amendment." Counsel said yes. The court responded, "Then he's going to jail," and remanded Drollinger to custody for civil contempt. Drollinger appeals this order. 3

II.
The Government contends Drollinger is precluded by res judicata from asserting a Fifth Amendment claim in defense of his refusal to provide oral testimony. We conclude that although Drollinger failed to timely appeal both the district court's original enforcement order and initial order holding him in contempt, his claim of privilege is not barred.

A claim of Fifth Amendment privilege may be asserted if there are "substantial hazards of self-incrimination that are real and appreciable, not merely imaginary and unsubstantial," that information sought in an IRS summons might be used to establish criminal liability. United States v. Rendahl, 746 F.2d 553, 555 (9th Cir. 1984) (quoting United States v. Neff, 615 F.2d 1235, 1239 (9th Cir. 1980)) (internal quotations omitted). The defendant must have "`reasonable cause to apprehend [such] danger from a direct answer' to questions posed to him." Neff, 615 F.2d at 1239 (quoting Hoffman v. United States, 341 U.S. 479, 486 (1951)). In determining whether a real and appreciable danger of incrimination exists, the trial court must examine "the questions, their setting, and the peculiarities of the case." Neff, 615 F.2d at 1240.4

As we have held, "[a] proper application of this standard requires that the Fifth Amendment be raised in response to specific questions propounded by the investigating body." United States v. Pierce, 561 F.2d 735, 741 (9th Cir. 1977). Only after an invocation of the privilege with respect to a specific question can a reviewing court determine whether a responsive answer might lead to injurious disclosures. Id.; see also United States v. Bell, 448 F.2d 40, 42 (9th Cir. 1971). Thus, "[t]he only way the Fifth Amendment can be asserted as to testimony is on a question-by-question basis." United States v. Bodwell, 66 F.3d 1000, 1001 (9th Cir. 1995). A taxpayer must "present himself for questioning, and as to each question elect to raise or not to raise the defense. The District Court may then determine by considering each question whether, in each instance, the claim of self-incrimination is well-founded." Bell, 448 F.2d at 42.

The availability of Drollinger's Fifth Amendment claim turns on whether that claim was or could have been litigated in prior proceedings. Bodwell, 66 F.3d at 1001. Drollinger did not appear at the enforcement proceedings and did not appeal the enforcement order. Failure to appeal a final order enforcing an IRS summons does not necessarily bar raising the Fifth Amendment privilege in contempt proceedings. Rendahl, 746 F.2d at 555. A defendant who does not appear cannot properly assert the Fifth Amendment in response to particular questions. Id. Thus, Drollinger's Fifth Amendment challenge would have been premature on appeal from the enforcement order. Id.

Similarly, Drollinger did not relinquish his Fifth Amendment claim by failing to appear at the initial contempt proceedings or timely appeal the initial order of contempt. Drollinger made himself available at the compliance meeting, but could not have invoked the privilege on a question-byquestion basis because no relevant and specific questions were asked. Bodwell, 66 F.3d at 1002 n.1 (citing United States v. Argomaniz, 925 F.2d 1349, 1356 (11th Cir. 1991)); accord United States v. Theep, 502 F.2d 797, 799 (9th Cir. 1974) (IRS agent failed to make the specific inquiries required to afford appellants the opportunity to make appropriate objections). Even if Drollinger had appeared at the subsequent contempt hearing, litigation of his Fifth Amendment claim still would have been premature. 5 As the district court acknowledged at the first purgation hearing, it could not rule in advance on specific questions that had not yet been asked.

Because Drollinger did not have an earlier opportunity to answer specific questions, he was entitled to raise and litigate his Fifth Amendment claim when those questions were finally asked during the purgation proceedings.

III.

On the first occasion on which the Government asked Drollinger specific questions, Drollinger properly invoked the Fifth Amendment privilege on a question-by-question basis. Since Drollinger was not precluded from raising the privilege at this time, the district court should have undertaken a particularized inquiry into the merits of his claim. 6 As the Eleventh

Circuit held in United States v. Argomaniz, the required inquiry is best made in an in camera proceeding, where the defendant is given "the opportunity to substantiate his claims of the privilege and the district court is able to consider the questions asked and the documents requested by the summons." 925 F.2d at 1355. We therefore remand to permit the district court to conduct a hearing regarding the validity of Drollinger's Fifth Amendment objections as to each specific question posed by the IRS.

IV.
The Government contends the renewed order of contempt was also based on Drollinger's failure to produce additional documents. Drollinger claims he turned over all the documents he possessed.

Present inability to comply is a complete defense to civil contempt. United States v. Rylander, 460 U.S. 752, 757 (1983). Drollinger has the burden of producing evidence of his present inability to turn over the documents the IRS still seeks. Id. Ability to comply is the crucial inquiry, and "a court should weigh all the evidence properly before it determines whether or not there is actually a present ability to obey." Donovan v. Mazzola, 761 F.2d 1411, 1418 (9th Cir. 1985) (citations omitted).

The district court made no finding regarding Drollinger's ability to comply despite affidavits by Drollinger explaining that many of his records have been lost or discarded over the years and describing his unsuccessful efforts to locate additional documents. It will be pointless to demand that Drollinger produce the additional documents if production of those documents is factually impossible. Rylander, 460 U.S. at 757 . Accordingly, we remand for the district court to determine, based on any evidence the parties may wish to present, whether Drollinger has purged himself from contempt with respect to documents.

[...]

The December 6, 1994 order remanding Drollinger to custody for contempt is VACATED, and the cause REMANDED for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

Footnotes
[ Footnote 1 ] On April 28, 1995, Drollinger filed a voluntary petition for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in United States Bankruptcy Court for the Central District of California (No. LA95-20765LF). This petition was dismissed on July 19, 1995, and has no impact on the appeal.

[ Footnote 2 ] Drollinger's "opening statement" included the following:

. . . I'd like to enter on the record that the federal constitutional provision that no one can be compelled to be a witness against himself must be applied in a broad spirit to secure immunity against self-accusation . . . .
. . .
The thought occurs to me and should occur to you by now that this opening statement . . . is demonstrated and showing cause why testimony and production . . . should not be compelled . . . .

[ Footnote 3 ] Only Drollinger's appeal from the renewed order of contempt is properly before us. Drollinger's appeals from other orders are either taken from an unappealable order, Steinert v. United States, 571 F.2d 1105, 1107 (9th Cir. 1978) (compliance order is not appealable); untimely; or abandoned due to failure to argue in Drollinger's briefs, Collins v. City of San Diego, 841 F.2d 337, 339 (9th Cir. 1988).

[ Footnote 4 ] Relying on United States v. Carlson, 617 F.2d 518 (9th Cir. 1980), the Government argues that, whether or not Drollinger can establish a real and appreciable risk of incrimination, public policy precludes application of the Fifth Amendment because Drollinger is a tax protestor. Carlson held that "an individual who seeks to frustrate the tax laws by claiming too many withholding exemptions, with an eye to covering that crime and evading the tax return requirement by assertion of the Fifth Amendment, is not entitled to the amendment's protection." 617 F.2d at 523. Although Drollinger failed to file returns, there is no evidence he engaged in such a calculated scheme to evade the law. Moreover, this court has consistently applied the Fifth Amendment in analogous contexts involving IRS investigations into civil tax liability. See e.g., United States v. Bodwell, 66 F.3d 1000 (9th Cir. 1995); United States v. Rendahl, 746 F.2d 553 (9th Cir. 1984). Even if Carlson were applicable, it is limited to taxpayer claims of fear of prosecution for past tax crimes. Drollinger fears prosecution for both tax and non-tax crimes.

[ Footnote 5 ] Drollinger did not preclude the IRS agents from asking specific questions by making a repeated or unequivocal blanket refusal to answer any question as the taxpayers did in United States v. Brown, 918 F.2d 82, 84 (9th Cir. 1990) (appellant made repeated refusal to answer any questions though he could have made a question-by-question claim of privilege); and United States v. Pierce, 561 F.2d 735 (9th Cir. 1977) (witness made improper blanket assertion of Fifth Amendment privilege by refusing to testify as to his financial condition). Drollinger appeared at the compliance meeting as ordered, with documents, and showed a willingness to answer questions that would not subject him to self-incrimination. In such circumstances, it was incumbent upon the Government to ask specific questions. The Government inquired regarding possible documents, but did not ask Drollinger specific questions regarding his tax liability. The Government cannot now claim Drollinger asserted a blanket refusal to provide oral testimony.

[ Footnote 6 ] See Neff, 615 F.2d at 1239-40; United States v. Allee, 888 F.2d 208, 214 (1st Cir. 1989) ("[I]f the district court finds that [the defendant] interposed an objection, based on the Fifth Amendment privilege against selfincrimination, on a question-by-question . . . basis, it must evaluate the validity of such objection on the same particularized basis."); Argomaniz, 925 F.2d at 1355 (quoting United States v. Melchor Moreno, 536 F.2d 1042, 1049 (5th Cir. 1976)) ("A court must make a particularized inquiry, deciding, in connection with each specific area that the questioning party wishes to explore, whether or not the privilege is well-founded.").

Tiger News 2010
Official Newsletter of
The South Pasadena High School Alumni Association
In Memoriam
Listed below are Tigers who have been reported this past year as no longer with us. This list also includes some
alumni who we have determined by research to have died since 2000 and who have not been listed previously. We
send our condolences and best wishes to the families and loved ones of these classmates whom we shall not forget.
Class of 1942
Robert Lewin (Bob) Drollinger 2/10/2008 
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12085 I8733  Drollinger  Robert Lewin  22 Jun 1923  10 Feb 2008  California Birth Index
Name: Robert L Drollinger
Birth Date: 22 Jun 1923
Gender: Male
Mother's Maiden Name: Lewin
Birth County: Los Angeles 
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12086 I8733  Drollinger  Robert Lewin  22 Jun 1923  10 Feb 2008  Social Security Death Index
Name: Robert Lewin Drollinger
SSN: 553-20-8203
Last Residence: 90048 Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Born: 22 Jun 1923
Died: 10 Feb 2008
State (Year) SSN issued: California (1952) 
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12087 I10725               
12088 I10725               
12089 I17613               
12090 I3079  Drollinger  Robert Thompson  15 May 1859  16 Jan 1932  Patentee Name DROLLINGER, ROBERT T
State ID
County Fremont
Issue Date 10/18/1904
Land Office Idaho
Doc. Nr. 1386
Accession/Serial Nr. IDIDAA 048969 
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12091 I3079  Drollinger  Robert Thompson  15 May 1859  16 Jan 1932  BURIAL Rialto Park Cemetery
PLOT Section N, Block 02, Plot 13
Rialto, San Bernardino County, California, USA

Inscription: Robert T. Drollinger 1859-1932 
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12092 I3079  Drollinger  Robert Thompson  15 May 1859  16 Jan 1932  ROBERT T. DROLLINGER
Robert Thompson Drollinger, 72 year old and former resident of Redlands and San Bernardino, died Saturday in Long Beach, where he had made his home for one month.
Funeral services will be held on Tuesday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock at the F. Arthur Courtner chapel in Redlands and burial will be at Rialto.
Mr. Drollinger, a native of Indiana, is survived by his widow, Mrs. Mary E. Drollinger and the following children: Mrs. Ruth E. Council, Redlands; R. O. Drollinger, Ogden, Utah; R. A. Drollinger, San Bernardino; and R. G. Drollinger, Redlands. The last-named son is proprietor of the Best careteria in Redlands.
Brother and two sisters also survive Mr. Drollinger. They are Mrs. Rose Phenegar, Ogden, Utah; Edward Drollinger, Kansas City, Mo.; and Mrs. Byrd Dean, Ogden, Utah.

San Bernardino Sun, Volume 38, 18 January 1932 Page 11
DROLLINGER - In Long Beach, California, January 16, 1932, Robert Thompson Drollinger, age 72 years, native of Indiana and a former resident of Redlands and San Bernardino.
Funeral services will be held on Tuesday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock at the Arthur Cortner chapel in Redlands. Interment will be in Rialto, California.

San Bernardino Sun, Volume 38, 18 January 1932 Page 11
When Robert Thompson Drollinger was born on May 15, 1859, in Perrysville, Indiana, his father, Hiram, was 33 and his mother, Mary, was 30. He married Mary Elizabeth Osborn on February 9, 1881. They had five children in 15 years. He died on January 15, 1932, in Long Beach, California, at the age of 72.

He married MARY E. OSBORN 09 Feb 1881 in Fountain, Indiana

California, U.S., Death Index
Name: Robert T Drollinger
Birth Year: abt 1860
Death Date: 16 Jan 1932
Age at Death: 72
Death Place: Los Angeles, California, USA 
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12093 I15628  Drollinger  Robert William  29 Jul 1985  29 Jul 2013  http://miamivalleyjails.info/?RID=1000054219
(Miami Valley - greater Dayton, Ohio)
(Photo of Robert included in this report)
Height: 6ft. 03in. Weight: 190 lbs. DOB: 7/29/1985
Booked: 2/17/2011 7:46 A2010 Booking ID: 1000054219 Facility: butler
RECKLESS OPERATION
DRIVING UNDER SUSPENSION VIOLATION OF LICENSE REST

U.S. Public Records Index
Name: Robert W Drollinger
Birth Date: 29 Jul
Address: 6643 Hearne Rd Apt 137, Cincinnati, OH, 45248-1156 
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12094 I15628  Drollinger  Robert William  29 Jul 1985  29 Jul 2013  Robert Drollinger, 7-29-1985 - 7-29-2013 passed at the age of 28 in Indiana. Friends are invited to attend a memorial visitation 2PM -3PM Saturday Aug 3, 2013 at the Dalbert, Woodruff & Isenogle Funeral Home2880 Boudinot at Queen City Avenue 45238.  tree1 
12095 I13728               
12096 I13728               
12097 I13828               
12098 I15138  Drollinger  Rodney Eugene  10 Jan 1907  16 Apr 1966  BURIAL Rose Hills Memorial Park
Whittier, Los Angeles County, California, USA 
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12099 I15138  Drollinger  Rodney Eugene  10 Jan 1907  16 Apr 1966  Idaho, Birth Index
Name: Rodney Eugene Drollinger
Birth Date: 10 Jan 1907
Birth Place: St. Anthony, Fremont, Idaho, USA
Father: Royal Osborn Drollinger
Mother: Mattie Rogers Ross
Certificate Year: 1907
Certificate Number: 357580 
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12100 I15138  Drollinger  Rodney Eugene  10 Jan 1907  16 Apr 1966  Social Security Death Index
Name: Rodney Drollinger
SSN: 558-10-4216
Born: 10 Jan 1907
Died: Apr 1966
State (Year) SSN issued: California (Before 1951)

California Death Index
Name: Rodney E Drollinger
Social Security #: 558104216
Sex: MALE
Birth Date: 10 Jan 1907
Birthplace: Idaho
Death Date: 16 Apr 1966
Death Place: San Diego
Mother's Maiden Name: Ross 
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